Contraception (Family Planning)
- Contraceptives can help you plan your future
- Contraceptives can help you prevent unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.
- When it comes to choosing a method of contraception, understanding the pros and cons of each method is important.
- While you may have many options to choose from, you should choose a method that best suits your health.
- You have the right to use contraceptives without permission from your parents and partner.
- Contraceptives can help you prevent unwanted pregnaand the use of condoms also helps prevent sencies, xually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Below is a list of family planning options, the pros and cons as well as where to access them.
Male and Female condoms
Condoms are the only single method that offers dual protection. Condoms are free of charge at clinics and are -affordable at some pharmacies and shops.
Pros
- Condoms can protect you against STIs when properly used.
- It prevents unwanted pregnancies when properly used.
Cons
- Condoms can break if not properly stored or correctly worn.
- You may have an allergic reaction to latex condoms. ( Please go to any CeSHHAR Zimbabwe Clinic for treatment)
- You need to find the right size as a bigger size can slip off.
- Male or Female Condoms can only be used once.
Condoms are free and easily accessible at all CeSHHAR Zimbabwe Clinics.
Oral contraception for women (the pill)
These pills come in a packet of 28 and you should take them once daily at the same time. There are two main types:
- Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC) pills and
- Progesterone-Only Contraceptive (POP) pills.
Pros
- The pill can offer relief from painful menstrual cramps.
- It can reduce acne.
Cons
- It does not protect against STIs.
- You may experience migraines and gain weight.
- It also increases your risk of suffering a stroke.
It is offered free of charge at CeSHHAR Zimbabwe and at most clinics.
Implants
It is a long-term method of Family Planning 5 years implanted on the upper inner arm.
Pros
- It prevents Pregnancy for at least 5 years
- It can be removed when one chooses to.
Cons
- It can cause spotting
- May increase the blood pressure
- Does not protect from STIs
Emergency contraception
You can use this to prevent pregnancy after unprotected and unconsented sex. If you suspect that the contraception used during sexual intercourse did not work properly, you should also use it. Copper IUDs are also used for emergency contraception.
Pros
- You don’t need a prescription.
- It is highly effective.
Cons
- You may experience nausea, headaches and fatigue after using the pill.
- It does not protect against STIs.
- You can have abdominal pain after using it.
It is available at most pharmacies.
Male and female sterilization
This is a permanent contraceptive method for both women and men. Before you receive this treatment, a health care worker should provide counselling.
Pros
- It is a short and simple procedure.
- It protects against pregnancy
Cons
- It does not prevent STIs.
- The process can be reversed, but it doesn’t mean that you’ll be able to fall pregnant again.
- You may experience some pain but should see your doctor for treatment.
It is free at some health care facilities.
Long Acting Injectable Contraceptives
The 2 main preparations available today are
- Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and
- Norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN) Injectable contraceptives have some unique advantages which give them justifiably wide appeal among many groups of women.
Pros
- DMPA does not produce the serious adverse effects of estrogen, such as thromboembolism.
- Dysmenorrhea is decreased. The risks of endometrial and ovarian cancer are decreased compared to other hormonal contraceptives.
- It contains no estrogen, thus making it suitable for women who cannot or will not take estrogen products.
- It also is safe for breastfeeding mothers
Cons
- However, they do have a number of disadvantages including
- Invariable menstrual disturbance
- A delay in return to fertility.
1 DMPA formulation, Depo-Provera, is currently available free of charge at Sister’s Clinics.
Click the link below to find your nearest Sisters’ clinic that provides access family planning, PreP refills, HIV tests and other sexual health services (will take through to the Booking Appointment page).
Kudzivirira kubata pamuviri (Kuronga Mhuri)
Kudzivirira kubata pamuviri (Kuronga Mhuri)
- Nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri dzinogona kukubatsira kuronga ramangwana rako.
- Nzira dzokudzivirira kubata pamuviri dzinogona kukubatsira kudzivirira kubatira pamuviri pausungadi pamwe nezvirwere zvepabonde
- Kana zvasvika pakusarudza nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuvuiri, zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvakanakira nezvakaipira nzira yega yega.
- Chero uine sarudzo dzakawanda dzaunogona kusarudza kubva kwadziri, unofanirwa kusarudza nzira inonyatsoenderana nehutano hwako.
- Une kodzero yekushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri pasina kutsvaka kupihwa mvumo kubva kuvabereki vako kana mumwe wako.
- Nzira dzokudzivirira kubata pamuviri dzinogona kukubatsira kudzivirira kubatira pamuviri pausungadi, zvakare kushandisa makondomu kunobatsirawo kudzivirira zvirwere zvepabonde (STIs).
Mitsara iri pazasi apo ine sarudzo yezve kuronga mhuri, zvazvakanikira kana kuipira uye kuti zvinowanikwa kupi.
Makondomu echirume neechikadzi
Makondomu ndiwo nzira imwe chete bedzi inopa kudziviririka kwakapetwa kaviri. Makondomu anowanikwa pachena pasina mutengo zvakare anotengeka mumafamasi kana muzvitoro.
Zvaakanakira
Kana akanyatsoshandiswa nemazvo makondomu anokudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvepabonde (STIs).
Anodzivirira kubatira pamuviri pasingadiwi kana akanyatsoshandiswa nemazvo
Zvaakaipira
- Makondomu anogona kudambuka kana akatadza kunyatso chengetedzwa kana kupfekwa nemazvo.
- Unogona kutadza kuwirirana nemakondomu erudzi rwelatex. (Ndapota endai kunorapwa chero kukiriniki ipi zvayo yeCeSHHAR Zimbabwe kunorapwa)
- Unofanira kutsvaka saizi chaiyo inonyatsokwana nekuti saizi hombe ingona kusvotoka.
- Makondomu echirume nechikadzi anofanira kungoshandiswa kamwe chete bedzi
- Makondomu haatengeswi uye anowanikwa nyore kuma kiriniki ose eCeSHHAR Zimbabwe.
Nzira yokuronga mhuri yekunwa nemuromo yemadzimai (mapiritsi)
- Mapiritsi aya anouya ari muma paketi e28 uye unofanira kuanwa kamwe chete pazuva panguva dzakafanana. Kune mhando huru mbiri:
- Mapiritsi ekunwa nemuromo akasanganiswa (COC) progesterone and estrogen ne (POP) progesterone inotorwa nevakadzi vanoyamwisa chete.
- Piritsi rekuronga mhuri rine puregestoroni chete (POP).
Zvaakanakira
- Mapiritsi anopodza marwadzo ejeko
- Anoderedza mapundu ekumeso (ance)
Zvaakaipira
- Haadzivirire kubva kuzvirwre zvepabonde
- Unogona kurwadziwa nemusoro uya unorwadza zvakanyanya wemigireni zvakare nekuwedzera kufuta
- Zvekare anowedzera njodzi yako yekuoma mutezo divi rimwe (stroke)
- Zvinopihwa pachena pasina mubhadharo kuma kiriniki eCeSHHAR Zimbabwe nekumakiriniki mamwewo akawanda.
Implants
- Inzira yekuronga mhuri inoshanda kwemakore 5 inoiswa nechekumusoro mukati meruoko.
Zvazvakanakira
- Inodzivirira kubata pamuviri kwemakore mashanu (5 years)
- Inogona kubviswa chero nguva pawadira kubviswa
Zvazvakaipira
- Inogona kukonesa kubuda ropa rekuzasi pose pose
- Inogona kukwidza BP
- Haidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere zvepa bonde
Kudzivira kubata pamuviri zveemejenzi
- Unogona kushandisa nzira iyi kudzivirira kubata pamuviri mushure mekuita bonde risina kudzivirirwa kana mushure mekuita bonde zvekumanikidzwa. Kana ukaita chifungidziro chekuti nzira yawashandisa kuita bonde kudzivirira kuti usabata pamuviri haina kunyatsoshanda zvakanaka, unofanira kuishandisa zvekare.
- Marupu amhando yeCopper anoiswa muchibereko anoshandiswa zvakare kudzivirira kubata pamuviri zveemejenzi
Zvazvakanakira
- Haudi tsamba yekutengesa mushonga (prescription)
- Inonyatsoshanda zvakasimba
Zvazvakaipira
- Unogona kunzwa kuda kurutsa, kutemwa nemusuro nekungonzwa kurukutika uchangobva kushandisa piritsi racho.
- Haudzivirire kubatira zvirwre zvepabonde
- Unogona kurwadziwa nemudumbu uchangobva kuri shandisa.
- Unowanikwa kuzvitoro zvinotengesa mishonga (pharmacies) zvakawanda.
Kusungwa kubereka kwevakadzi nevarume
- Iyi inzira yevarume nevakadzi yekudzivirira kubereka zvachose. Usati waitwa nzira iyi, mushandi wezvehutano anofanira kukupanga mazano.
Zvazvakanakira
- Haitori nguva refu kuita uye iri nyore.
- Inodzivirira kubata pamuviri.
Zvazvakaipira
- Haidziviriri kubatira zvirwere zvepabonde
- Maitirwo acho anogona kudzoserwa pakare
- Unogona kunzwa kurwadziwa saizvozvo kuti urapwe unofanira kunoona chiremba wako.
- Kune zvimwe zvipatara kana kiriniki zvinoitwa pachena
Majekiseni ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri anoshanda kwenguva yakareba
- Mhando mbiri hombe dzemishonga iyi dzinowanikwa mazuva ano dzinoti Depo Provera (DMPA) ne Norethindrone Enanthane (NET-EN). Majekiseni ekudzivirira kubata pamuvirir ane zvimwe zvwo ega zvakasiyana nedzimwe nzira zvaakanakira izvo zvinoapa kufarirwa zvakanyanya muvanhukadzi vakawanda.
Zvazvakaipira
- Depo provera (DMPA) haikonzerese mhedzisiro dzakaipa dzinokonzereswa neestrogen dzakaita nekugwamba ropa mutsinga (thromboembolism)
- Jeko rinodzikira.
- Njodzi dzegomarara rechibereko nemaovhari dzinodzikira kana tichizvienzanisa nedzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri dzema homoni.
- Haina homoni yeestrogen, zvinova zvinoita kuti iwiririrane nemadzimai vasingagoni kana vasingadi kutora nzira dzine estrogen.
- Haina njodzi kunana mai vanoyamwisa
Zvazvakaipira
Zvisinei, zvine zvakati wandei zvaakaipira zvinosanganisira
- Kukanganisika kwekutevera kuenda kumwedzi.
- Kunonoka kuzobatira pamuviri
Mhando imwe chete yeDMPA, yeDepo –Provera parizvino ndiyo iri kuwanikwa pachena kuma kiriniki evasikana (Sisters’ clinics)
Tinya link iri pazasi kuti uwane kiriniki yevasikana (Sisters’ clinic) iri pedyo newe inopa rubatsiro rwekuronga mhuri, mapritsi ekudzivirira kubatira HIV (PrEP), kuongororwa HIV nezvimwewo zvehutano hwepabonde. (inokusvitsa kupeji yezvekubhuka apointimenti).
Ukuvikela ukuzithwala (Ukwelamisela khatshana imuli)
Ukusebenzisa indlela zokuvikela ukuzithwala kuyakusiza ukuthi wenelise ukuhlela ikusasa yakho
Ukuvikela ukuzithwala kuyasiza ukuthi ungazithwala ungakazimiseli lokuzivikela ukuthola imikhuhlane ethelelwana amacansini
Nxa sokumele umuntu akhethe indlela yokusebenzisa ukuvikela ukuzithwala kuqakathekile ukuthi umuntu azwisise okuhle lokungakuhle ngendlela inye ngayinye ongayisebenzisa.
Sungabe ulendlela ezinengi ongazikhetha kodwa kumele ukhethe indlela ehambelana kuhle lempilakahle yakho.
Ulemvumo yokusebenzisa indlela zokuzivikela ukuzithwala ungazange ucele imvumo ebazalini bakho kumbe kulowo ophilisana laye amacansini.
Ukuvikela ukuzithwala kuyakusiza ukuthi ungazithwali ungazimiselanga, ukusebenzisa amakhondomu kuyasiza njalo ukuthi ungatholi imikhuhlane ethelelwana emacansini.
Ngaphansi kuloluhlu lwendlela ongazisebenzisa ukuvikela ukuzithwala, okuhle lokungalehli ngazo lalapho ezitholakala khona.
Amakhondomu awesilisa lawesifazana
Amakhondomu yiyo yodwa indlela yokusebenzisa evikela izinto ezimbili. Amakhondomu atholokala kungelambhadalo emakilinika njalo alentengo ephansi uma uwathenga ama famasi lasezitolo.
Okuhle
- Amakhondomu ayakuvikela emikhuhlaneni ethelelwana amacansini uma esetshenziswe ngendlela.
- Ayavikela ukuzithwala uma esetshenziswe kuhle
Okubi
- Amakhondomu ayadabuka uma engasetsheniswanga kumbe engagcinwanga kuhle
- Nxa u (ngicela uye ekilinika ye CeSHHAR uyethola ukulatshwa)
- Kumele uthole isayizi ekulungeleyo yokusebenzisa ngoba ungasebenzisa elikhulu liyatshelela liphume.
- Makhondomu esilisa lawesifazana asetshenziswa kanye kuphela.
Amakhondomu ayatholakala amakilinika wonke awe CeSHHAR kungelambhadalo. Amaphilisi anathwa ngabesifazana ukuvikela ukuzithwala. Maphilisi la atholakala ephaketheni engu 28 kumele unathe elilodwa Kanye ngelanga ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Kulenhlobo ezimbili ezandileyo:
Ama Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC) pills lama Progesterone-(POP)
Okuhle
- Iphilisi leli lingapholisa ubuhlungu obudalwa yikungena kowesifazana esikhathini
- lingehlisa njalo amaqhubu ande ukutholakala ebusweni
Okubi
- Awavikeli emikhuhlaneni etholakala amacansini
- Sungatshaywa likhanda elingapheliyo kumbe ukuzimuka
- Kungakhweza ingozi yakho yokutshaywa yistroke
Ayatholakala kungelambhadalo emakilinikika e CeSHHAR Zimbabwe lakwamanye amakilinika amanengi
Implants
Leyi kuyindlela yokuvikela ukuzithwala esebenza okwesikhathi eside, iyafakwa engalweni ngaphansi nje kwayo
Okuhle
- Iyavikela ukuzithwala okwesikhathi esingafika iminyaka emihlanu
- Umuntu uyenelisa ukuyikhupha lapho esengasayifuni
Okubi
- Ingenza ukuthi umuntu ophe kancane
- Ingakhweza I blood pressure yakho
- Ayivikeli emikhuhlaneni ethelelwana emacansini
Indlela yokuvikela ukuzithwala ephuthumayo. Ungasebenzisa le indlela ukuvikela ukuzithwala emva kokuhlangana lomuntu amacansini ungazivikelanga kumbe lapho uhlangane lomuntu emacansini lingavumelananga. Nxa ucabangela ukuthi indlela oyisebenzisileyo ukuvikela ukuzithwala ingabe ingasebenzanga ngendlela kumele usebenzise indlela ephuthumayo le. Ama IUD enziwe nge copper ayasetshenziswa lawo njalo njengendlela yokuvikela ukuzithwala ephuthumayo
Okubi
- Ungezwa ufuna ukuhlanza, ukutshaywa likhanda lokukhathala nje emva kokunatha iphilisi leli
- Alivikeli emikhuhlaneni ethelelwana amacansini
- Ungabulawa yisisu emva kokunatha iphilisi leli
Indlela le iyatholakala emafamasi amanengi
Male and female sterilisation
Leyi yindlela yempilo yonke yokuvikela ukuzithwala engasetshenziswa ngabelisa labesifazana. Ungakatholi ukwelatshwa lokhu kumele uthole ukuxoxisana lalabo abasebenza kwezempilakahle.
Okuhle
- Indlela eyenziwa ngayo ilula njalo ayithathi sikhathi
- Iyavikela ukuzithwala
Okubi
- Ayivikeli imikhuhlane ethelelwana amacansini
- Indlela le sungayibuyisela emuva, kodwa kakutsho ukuthi uzenelisa njalo ukuzithwala.
- Ungezwa ubuhlungu kodwa kumele ubone udokotela wakho akwelaphe
Ungayithola emtholampilo kungelambhadalo
Indlela zokuvikela ukuzithwala ezihlatshwayo njalo zisebenza okwesikhathi eside.
Indlela ezijwayelekileyo ezikhona kulezinsuku ngethiwa yi depo medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) le norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN). Indlela zokuhlatshwa ijekiseni lezi zilokuhle ezilakho ezenza zithakazelelwe ngamaqembu amanengi abomama.
Okuhle
- I DMPA ayilakho okubi okubangelwa yi estrogen njengalokhu abathi yi thromboembolism okungumkhuhlane wokuthi amahlwili egazi ayama emithanjeni.
- Iyehlisa njali ubuhlungu besisu obubangelwa yikungena kwabomama esikhathini. Ingozi yokuthola imvukuzane yesibeletho kumbe eyesiswini iyehla ma usebenzisa indlela le siqathanisa lalapho usebenzisa ezinye indlela zokuvikela ukuzithwala ezilama homoni.
- Indlela le ayila estrogen, kungathi ilungile ukusetshenziswa yilabo abesifazana abangenelisi ukusebenzisa into ezile estrogen.
Okubi
Kodwa zilakho ezingakuhle ngakho lezi indlela okugoqela lokhu
- Iyaphambanisa indlela ohamba yakho esikhathini
- Iyenza ukuthi oyisebenzisayo aphuze ukwenelisa njalo ukuzithwala
I DMPA, I Depo-Provera iyatholakala kungelambadalo ekilinika ye Sisters
Hlaba ku link engaphansi lapha ukuze uthole ukuthi ikilinika eseduzane lawe lapho ongenelisa khona ukuthola inhlelo zokwelamisela khatshana imuli, iPrEP, ukuhlolwa igcikwane le HIV lezinye inhlelo eziphathelane lempilakahle yemacansini ( izakusa njalo epejini lapho ongenelisa khona ukwenza umcijo wokuyabonwa ekilinika)
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